Ovarian Size
November 18, 2007 on 9:27 pm | In Gynecology | Comments OffAndrew S. Cook
Ovarian size has been evaluated sonographically in premenarcheal, menstruating, and postmenopausal women. These studies agree that the normal ovarian size is different in each group; however, the actual value is subject to controversy. The ovarian volume of menstruating omen has been most widely studied and is the standard against which the premenarcheal and [...]
Ovarian Morphology
November 17, 2007 on 9:27 pm | In Gynecology | Comments OffAndrew S. Cook
Follicular growth in infancy and childhood has been documented by both morphologic and sonographic studies. An interesting study by Peters histologically evaluated 52 ovaries at autopsy of children who died in an accident or after an acute illness. The children ranged in ages from 2 months to 11 years. Ovarian growth was classified [...]
Examination Techniques in Evaluation of Prepubertal Female Genitalia
November 9, 2007 on 8:41 pm | In Gynecology | Comments OffAndrew S. Cook
Explanation to both the mother and child of the examination process and the instruments (if any) used is an important precursor to the genital examination. The perception that the virginal introitus is completely covered by the hymen is not uncommon. Newborn hymenal configurations include annular hymen with a central or ventrally displaced orifice [...]
Normal Appearance and Values in the Examination of the Prepubertal Female Genitalia
November 9, 2007 on 8:04 pm | In Gynecology | Comments OffAndrew S. Cook
A recent study by McCann details the normal values and appearance of the prepubertal female genitalia. Ninety-three nonabused girls 10 months to 19 years old were examined using the three examination techniques described. Examination of the prepubertal external female genitalia in the supine position (both traction and separation) yielded a greater incidence of [...]
Physical Examination Of The Prepubertal Female Genitalia
November 9, 2007 on 8:38 am | In Gynecology | Comments OffAndrew S. Cook
The request for examination of prepubertal female genitalia may be initiated as a result of suspected sexual abuse. It is crucial for the clinician to be able to differentiate normal congenital findings from posttraumatic changes. An examination that is initiated based on suspected sexual abuse will focus primarily on the external genitalia, including [...]
Normal Growth and Development of the Genitalia in Infancy and Childhood
November 9, 2007 on 8:33 am | In Gynecology | Comments OffAndrew S. Cook
Changes that occur in the prepubertal female genitalia are a reflection of both the changes in the hormonal environment and the physical growth of the child. The genitalia of the newborn and child are hormonally responsive. At birth, the newborn is under the influence of estrogen via passive transmission across the placenta from [...]
Hand-Foot-Genital Syndrome
November 8, 2007 on 8:30 pm | In Gynecology | Comments OffJoe Leigh Simpson
Hand-foot-genital (HFG) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder in which incomplete müllerian fusion is a major feature. First reported by Stern and associates, multiple kindreds have now been recognized. The HFG syndrome is characterized by skeletal (hand and foot) malformations and either incomplete müllerian fusion in females or hypospadias in males (thus, “hand-foot-genital” [...]
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